American Board of Surgical Assistants (ABSA) Orthopedic Practice Test

What is a critical intervention for Volkmann's ischemia?

1. Immediate surgical decompression

2. Physical therapy

3. Casting the affected limb

4. Observation and rest

The correct answer is: Immediate surgical decompression

Immediate surgical decompression is a critical intervention for Volkmann's ischemia due to the urgent need to relieve pressure on the muscles and nerves in the forearm. This condition arises when there is a compromised blood supply to the muscles, often resulting from compartment syndrome. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent muscle and nerve damage, resulting in loss of function or amputation. Surgical decompression involves an incision in the fascia surrounding the affected muscles to alleviate the pressure that is restricting blood flow. By performing this intervention promptly, it can prevent further ischemic injury and enhance the chances of muscle recovery and functional preservation of the limb. In this scenario, timely intervention is vital, as delayed treatment increases the likelihood of complications and long-term disability. Other options, like physical therapy, casting, and mere observation may be appropriate in different contexts, but they do not address the underlying issue of compromised blood flow that characterizes Volkmann's ischemia.